A Project Blossoms
On the Strawbridge Campus, beside Somers Field and steps from the Wissahickon Valley Park, is a small but growing series of garden beds. The newest addition here is a pollinator garden. Designed, created and recently planted by third grade, its roots spread far beyond the 30-by-10- foot plot it currently occupies.
The pollinator garden project weaves together concepts of stewardship of the land, ecology, and Lenape history and culture. In assuming the role of caretakers of the earth, students use newfound knowledge of plant biology and the ways in which the Lenape used plants native to the region.
Lenape studies has been part of the third grade curriculum for many years. Jill Einbender and Teodora Nedialkova have expanded and deepened the unit in recent years so that it is now a yearlong focus, weaving through social studies, language arts and Quakerism, and integrated into each spring project that typically focuses on pressing environmental problems. Joel Eckel, an apiarist, joined the third grade teaching team in 2020-21 and brings to this project a deep knowledge of both bees and gardening.
The Lenape unit in third grade includes learning about Lenape history and culture before and after European arrival. “Third grade students learn about the original people of this land, the Lenni-Lenape, and their long history of living here in harmony with nature,” Nedialkova said. “We talk about William Penn’s thoughts on a relationship with the Lenape and how his ideals didn’t prevail. We review relocation and the cultural eradication, but also how some Lenape survived despite what happened. And we emphasize the Lenape relationship with the land and expose students to elements of Lenape culture.”
Stewards of the Land
“The Lenape take into consideration not just their own needs but the ecosystem’s needs, and the future, too,” Eckel said. “As our students seek to interact with nature like the Lenape do, they experience that through the pollinator garden. It benefits our campus and the bees here, and supports other pollinators.”
One of the goals of third grade’s Lenape studies is to understand the land we inhabit and its history. In studying the Lenape, Nedialkova said, “we honor history and continue the legacy of care in allyship with the historic occupiers, the Lenape.” Third grade’s garden project, reviving part of campus with plant species native to the area to support the local ecosystem for important pollinators—bees, wasps, moths, butterflies, birds, flies and small mammals like bats—is directly related to that care.
“I really want students to understand that they can have an impact on their world,” Einbender said. “The pollinator decline is frightening— the more I learn with our students the more concerned I get—and it needs to be addressed now. The students are the next generation, and I want to give them the tools to make a difference.”
Work and Play
Ayla M., Jasper G. and Beckett H. show off their bat, hummingbird and honeybee puppets—and narrator badge—in front of the third grade’s drawings of seasonal observations at the garden aided by the book Up in the Garden and Down in the Dirt by Kate Messner.
One of those tools is a working knowledge of the role of pollinators as well as the ecosystems they support.
On Family Visiting Day, a virtual glimpse into the classroom this year, students showed off their research on pollinators while performing a play based on facts they had researched. Using his paper bag puppet, Beckett Humble, Honeybee #1, eagerly recited his lines: “You know what I call that yellow powdery stuff? Food! Us honeybees love to eat pollen. I would love to taste those yellow flowers over there, but I’m not strong enough and my tongue is too short.”
Prior to researching, said Jasper Gindlesparger, the play’s narrator, “I didn’t know that honeybees have pollen baskets on their legs, and I didn’t know that they can’t see the color red.”
“The combined Lenape and pollinator unit provides opportunities for students to build personal connections to the work—while the teachers support students in working together to achieve a common goal. This is at the heart of project-based learning,” Director of Lower School Marcy Sosa said.
Ready to Make a Difference
Elsie Wilson, Livia Rodriguez-Cole and Araceli Sosa are playing in the shade before their turn comes to help in the garden. “The garden is important,” Araceli explains, “because pollinators are dying out. Pesticides are hurting them!”
Livia, with power in her voice, cuts to the quick: “If we didn’t have pollinators, we couldn’t have trees, and then we wouldn’t have us.”
Nearby, Ayla Mittica is bringing soil across the field to the garden. “I know this is helping the pollinators, and I am happy doing it,” she says. “I look forward to visiting the garden next year to see all the pollinators.”
Paige Menton, a master permaculture designer, is the owner of Journeywork, which reinvigorates lawns and gardens of schools and Quaker meetinghouses for native biodiversity. Steve Jones is a native plant expert for Wissahickon Restoration Volunteers and runs the plant nursery at the LandHealth Institute, which supplied the plants for the third grade pollinator garden.
Third graders feel the sense of urgency, and in combining their research on ecology and Lenape history and culture with the action step of designing the pollinator garden, the students are the changemakers. Their knowledge and desire to make an impact are a powerful combination.
Naturalist and Designers
On a video call with plant and garden design experts Steve Jones and Paige Menton, students ask insightful questions about the native plants the pair introduce as options for the garden.
Students ask for more details about which pollinators prefer specific plants (for pollen or nectar, or to host egg and larval stages), and ask questions about sun versus shade and expected plant heights as they prepare for the garden design process.
“Deep observation is part of our work,” Nedialkova said. “The way to really know a plant is to observe it,” to look closely at the leaf patterns and veins, at the flowers, at what is around it. In their naturalist notebooks, students like Lamont B., shown, draw the plants and take notes. The focus feels a bit like meditation, a feature of Nedialkova’s classroom throughout the year. “We’re doing meditation by sketching. The combination of deep observation and meditation is building the students’ reverence for people and species,” she said— elements key to being good stewards of the land.
In keeping with the methods of student inquiry and exploration that the third grade teachers espouse, Menton and Jones frequently encourage students to observe plants in the garden closely to answer their own questions. And close observation is a key element of this project.
Students find spots around the gardens and settle in with their field notebooks. They look carefully—at types of grass, for insects, and at what grows near the garden.
And the students—quick with correct answers to an impromptu quiz on garden design day—really know their plants. “What plants have yellow flowers?” Einbender quizzes them.
“Golden ragwort!” one student answers.
"Anise-scented goldenrod," proudly relays another.
"And which is the tallest of the plants?"
"Shadbush!"
When meeting with Menton and Jones to learn about native plants that will benefit the garden, student questions often focus on how the Lenape used the plant. “We don’t always have a lot of information about how specific groups of people used specific plants,” Steve cautions. “You can ask the Lenape living here or one of the recognized tribes,” he suggests, something students may have the opportunity to do.
But for some plants, there is a clear record of use by the Native Americans. Joe Pye weed, named for a Monhegan healer in New England, was used as medicine to treat typhus and fevers.
Dean R. pores over his garden design, carefully placing plants using a design key he created. Dean’s design has the high plants in the back so they don’t shade out the shorter ones, arranged in a slope and then arranged for color.
And the large pollinator-magnet shadbush—it attracts over 100 pollinators—is a plant that offers a direct connection to the Lenape. The blossoms emerge when the shad would return to the rivers to spawn—shad, like salmon, live in the ocean but travel upstream to where they were hatched—and the Lenape named the plant accordingly.
Later, colonists named the plant juneberry and serviceberry, the first for when the edible berries arrived, and the second for its early spring blossoms, in accordance with when the ground would be thawed enough to hold burial services.
Back at the garden, students answer questions about the project. The Lenape “would take things from the earth and then give something back to it,” explains third grader Rafi Halpern. “We are taking some of the grass out [to build the garden] but we are giving great soil back.”
Indeed, Joel Eckel and groups of students remove grass clump by clump to prepare the garden bed as classmates haul buckets of dark, rich soil that others spread out along the newly created beds. As he revels in putting his hands in the cool soil, Pierce Barsanti says, “Seeing the work that we have done is so satisfying. Each time we’re here, the progress is so nice to see.”
Planting Day
Pierce B. and Rafi H. revel in the cool soil they spread to prepare the garden for planting.
The big day—planting day—finally arrives. It is Arbor Day, the last Friday in April. Menton and Jones highlight the common design themes from the students’ efforts, such as keeping like plants together, putting short plants in front of tall plants so they get enough sun, and using the shadbush to provide shade to plants that need it.
Buckets of plants are moved around the garden in one last design session, and then—the moment they’ve all been waiting for—students dig in and put the native plants into the ground.
Just before the shadbush goes in—the last and perhaps most important plant in the space—third grade gathers for a moment of silence. Later the class would read When the Shadbush Blooms by Carla Messinger, Turtle Clan Lenape.
“Now that you know about these plants,” Menton says, “what does it look like in your yard?” What plants could attract pollinators to it?
“What more could you do with your seeds of knowledge?”
– Julia Judson-Rea
Project-based learning led the Class of 2031 through learning about plants, pollinators, the Lenape, gardening and project design.